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[转帖]试论温、韦词的“隔”与“不隔”

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发表于 2008-5-25 14:13:34 | 只看该作者 回帖奖励 |倒序浏览 |阅读模式
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 98pt; mso-char-indent-count: 7.0;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">河北大学</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp; </font></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">中国古代文学</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </font></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">罗海燕</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 98pt; mso-char-indent-count: 7.0;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"></span>&nbsp;</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 98pt; mso-char-indent-count: 7.0;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt;"><p></p></span>&nbsp;</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体;">摘要</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">:温庭筠、韦庄同为花间派词人,其词风格整体上相似,但也存有诸多不同之处,主要体现在景、情、辞三个层面的“隔”与“不隔”上。通过王国维的“隔”与“不隔”理论,我们不仅能很好地来把握温韦词的异同,对于现代中外的一些文学现象也能做出合理之说明。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体;">关键词</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">:隔;不隔;情;景;辞</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"></span>&nbsp;</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><p></p></span>&nbsp;</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">温庭筠、韦庄同为花间派词人,其词风格基本相同。在“绮宴公子,绣幌佳人,递叶叶之花笺,文抽丽锦;举纤纤之玉指,按拍香檀。不无清绝之词,用助娇娆之态。自南朝之宫体,扇北里之倡风。”(欧阳炯《花间集序》)的生活背景与文艺风气下,词人把视野完全投向裾裙脂粉、花柳风月、女性的姿态和生活情状,尤其是内心世界。“言情不离伤春惜别,场景无非闺庭密室、歌宴酒席、芳园曲径。”以男女情爱为中心内容,采用小令形式,艺术上,文采繁华,轻柔艳丽。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">但“温庭筠词与韦庄词有绝大之不同。”(叶嘉莹《唐宋词名家论稿》)这主要体现于温词与韦词在景、情、辞三个层的</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><font face="Times New Roman">
                        </font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">“隔”与“不隔”上。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">“隔”与“不隔”是王国维《人间词话》中“境界”说的一个内容。“问</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><font face="Times New Roman">‘</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">隔</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><font face="Times New Roman">’</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">与</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><font face="Times New Roman">‘</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">不隔</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><font face="Times New Roman">’</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">之别,曰:在陶谢之诗不隔,延年稍隔矣。东坡之诗不隔,山谷则稍隔矣。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><font face="Times New Roman">‘</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">池塘生春草</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><font face="Times New Roman">’</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><font face="Times New Roman">‘</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">空梁落燕泥</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><font face="Times New Roman">’</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">等句,妙处唯在不隔。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><font face="Times New Roman">‘</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">生年不满百,长怀千岁忧。昼短苦夜长,何不秉烛游?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><font face="Times New Roman">’‘</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">服食求神仙,多为药所误。不如饮美酒,被服纨与素。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><font face="Times New Roman">’</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">写情如此,方为不隔。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><font face="Times New Roman">‘</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">采菊东篱下,悠然见南山。山气日夕佳,飞鸟相与还。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><font face="Times New Roman">’‘</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">天似穹庐,笼盖四野,天苍苍,野茫茫,风吹草低见牛羊。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><font face="Times New Roman">’</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">写景如此。方谓不隔。(王国维《人间词话</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><font face="Times New Roman">•</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">人间词》)王国维提出了“隔”与“不隔”的审美概念,却</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">“</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">述而不作</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体;">”</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">没有加以界说。据例而析,我们可知,隔与不隔是对诗歌创作和鉴赏过程中发生的一系列审美活动、审美现象作出的综合评价和集中、概括。王国维曾说:“问真与不隔之别”,故隔与不隔亦可视为“不真”与“真”。就作品而论,它包含三层面:景、情、辞。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">以景而论,写景之作,其“隔”与“不隔”实质在于能不能使人产生美感,以及产生什么样的美感,是否为“景之自然”。固然要追求形貌的真实,但更主要的在于得景物之“神理”。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </font></span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">以写情而论,王国维认为“真”则“不隔”,“涂饰”则“隔”。直抒真情略无隐饰,追求率真之情是“情真”。刘勰说,“情者,文之经”因而赞扬</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><font face="Times New Roman">“</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">诗人篇什,为情而造立”,批评“辞人赋颂,为文而造情。”杜甫作诗“直取而情真”。刘熙载评郑燮“书画是雄还是逸,只写天真。”可见,真情为艺术美之基础。王国维又进而指出,生活中的“淫鄙之情”,在诗词中出之以“真”则可使人产生美感,相反,生活中的高尚情感若经由诗词涂饰而出则称为“游词”,人单觉其假而不觉其美了。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 32.25pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">第三个层面即“辞”,它是创作主体艺术心象的物化手段和物质载体,其自身又有着独立的审美价值。王国维说,“境界之呈于吾心而见于外物者,皆须臾之物,惟诗人不能以此须臾之物镌诸不朽之文字,使读者自得之。”(《清真遗事</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><font face="Times New Roman">• </font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">尚论》)此即言,语词的“隔”与“不隔”关键在于如何处理艺术境界与声律词采的关系。语言文字应该把意境充分物化,此为“不隔”,否则为“隔”。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 32.25pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">在景、情、辞三个层面上,就整体而言,温庭筠词“隔”,韦庄词“不隔”。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 32.25pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">首先,温庭筠写景时,多写精美之物象,如“水晶帘里玻璃枕”句中的“玻璃枕”。“暖香惹梦鸳鸯锦”中的“暖香”“、鸳鸯锦”。“杏花含露团香雪”中之“香雪”,“玉钩褰翠幕,妆浅旧眉薄”(《菩萨蛮</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><font face="Times New Roman">
                        </font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">其五》)中的“玉钩”、“翠幕”。“玉楼明月长相忆,柳丝袅娜春无力。”中的“玉搂明月”、“袅娜柳丝”。这些精美意象都有着多层意蕴,“是景又非景”,为有托喻之景,这也使得张惠言称其有《离骚》中的“初服”之义,陈庭焯《白雨斋诗话》亦云“温飞卿《菩萨蛮》十四首全是变化楚《骚》。”温飞卿“画罗金翡翠,香烛削成泪。”(其六)“闲忆梦金堂,满庭萱草长。”(其十一)“玉炉香,红蜡泪,偏照画堂秋思。”(《更漏子</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><font face="Times New Roman">• </font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">其六》)这些景物美则美矣,但读者却不能直接体会到,而是“如隔一层”。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 32.25pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">韦庄词写景则率真无遗,或得景物形貌之真实或得景物之“神理”,如:写春暖花开则“春晚,风暖,锦城花满。”;写月夜则“花欲谢,深夜,月胧明。”;写烟雨则“何处,烟雨,隋堤春暮。”此可谓“不隔”。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 32.25pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">其次,温词抒情,往往凭借他事他物而出:如拟比屈子“志洁”,则写到“玉楼明月长忆,柳丝袅娜春无力。”;如发“士为知己者死,女为悦己者容”的感慨则以“小山重叠金明灭”,“照花前后镜,画面交相映,新贴绣罗褥,双双金鹧鸪”出之;如写男女相思爱恋之苦则先以“心事竟谁知”一问,后却以“明月花满枝”作答。此外,他以“社前双飞燕”来映衬“音信不归来”之情苦;以“燕飞春又残”拟托“人远泪阑干”之神伤;以“一叶叶,一声声,空阶滴到明”反照“离情正苦”之心悲;以“过尽千帆皆不是,斜晖脉脉水悠悠”来渲染“独倚望江楼”之思远。由上可见,温词情不直抒而借他物,“可谓隔也”。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 32.25pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">韦庄词则直抒情意,不旁借他物,如写离别,则,“今日送君千万,红楼玉盘金镂盏,须劝珍重意,莫辞满”;写春怀,则,“妾拟将身嫁与一生休,纵被无情弃,不能羞”;写相思离别,则,“一日日,恨重重,泪界连腮两线红”。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">最后,温词在物化境界时,用词多为替代字,这样好似一堵墙,把作者与读者几乎隔开了。虽然,诗词中用语“陌生化”能提高审美效果,但过于追求词语“艺术化”则易产生“隔膜”。在温庭筠词中经常会看到这样的现象:</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><font face="Times New Roman">
                        </font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">“香红”指称花;“蕊黄”实为“女子黄额妆”;“玉楼”指代闺楼、“金雁”指铮柱;“绿檀”指檀枕、“红烛背”指红烛燃尽、“香作穗”指香燃尽。词中,“小山”一词历来让人情猜不已,《花间集注》认为,“小山,屏山也。”《唐宋词选释》则认为,“小山,谓发也,言云鬟高耸,如小山之重叠也。”最后,结合图录人们方得出最终结论,认为小山应该是形容晚唐妇女插在头上的“金银玉小梳”。论评温词可用张炎批评吴文英的词作“如七宝楼台,眩人眼目,破拆下来,不成片段”来形容。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><font face="Times New Roman">
                                <p></p></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 32.25pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">韦庄词用词则少替代。可谓“不隔”,写山水,就“千山万水”;写庭院即“深院”、“小庭”;写烟雨则“烟雨”;用词直接而分明,“清简”,故其词有“淡妆”之喻。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 1.5;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">“隔”与“不隔”的命题,典型地体现了汉语思想的思维特征。中国人讲究天人合一,通过“感通”来对世界进行整合,这不同于西方的通过“一神”来实现对世界的拯救和把握的思想,东方“和”的思维方式不会出现西方线性逻辑下的那种因逻辑链条的断裂而陷入孤独和荒缪的情况,温庭筠和韦庄词的不同就是中国“和”思想下“感通”方式的不同造成的。西方出现的现代主义以“反对现实主义”、“提倡非理性主义”为特征,以及之后的后现代主义以“无言”、“断裂”“混乱”为标榜,其原因就在于西方非“隔”与“不隔”的思维方式,这也典型地体现了中西方文化差异的根本原因。</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 1.5;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><p></p></span>&nbsp;</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font size="3">参考文献:<span lang="EN-US"><p></p></span></font></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%;"><font size="3"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">[<span lang="EN-US">1</span>]</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">赵崇作,《花间集》,贵州人民出版社,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">1998</font></span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; 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